A. A. ALYABEV
Alexander Alexandrovich Alyabyev is one of the most outstanding composers of the first half of the 19th century. A participant in the Patriotic War and a friend of the Decembrists, he was able to express in his work the new, progressive aspirations of Russian art of that time. With his romances, topics of great civic significance, the ideas of love of freedom and patriotism entered Russian music. In his works, he significantly deepened the psychological content of Russian musical art, displayed the rich world of feelings of his contemporaries, their dreams and thoughts, their romantic impulse for freedom, their thirst for the establishment of a free and independent human personality. And in this respect, Alyabyev's work is in many ways akin to the youthful poetry of Pushkin and the work of the Decembrist poets, with whom he was connected not only by general views, but also by many circumstances of his personal life, a difficult personal fate.
Alyabyev was born in 1787 into a noble family in gvrod "Tobolsk, where his father served as governor. Music was constantly played in the Alyabyev's house, home concerts were often held. In 1796, the Alyabyev family moved to St. Petersburg. Here the future composer began to seriously study music under the guidance famous composer and theorist I. G. Miller. Alyabyev continued his musical education in Moscow, where he moved in 1804 and was enlisted in the service of the mining department. war. In the summer of 1812, young Alyabyev volunteered for the hussar regiment. Up to the victorious end of the war, he went with the Russian army all the way from Moscow to Paris, participated in many battles, was wounded and awarded orders for military merit. A brave officer, a sympathetic person, Alyabyev immediately won the trust of his comrades.During the war years, he became close to the partisan poet D. V. Davydov, with the writer Griboyedov and many future Decembrists. At the end of hostilities, Alyabyev settled in St. Petersburg and devoted himself to musical creativity with enthusiasm. By this time, his acquaintance with Verstovsky dates back, which soon turns into a close friendship. Together with Verstovsky, he writes music for vaudeville, and then at the same time he moves to Moscow. Here he becomes a regular participant in amateur concerts and becomes famous as an author of romances.
Suddenly, a tragic turning point occurred in Alyabyev's life: in the spring of 1825, he was arrested on suspicion of murder. Despite the complete lack of evidence for this accusation, he was kept in custody in the fortress for about three years, and then, by a court verdict, he was exiled to Siberia, with the deprivation of all rights and the title of nobility. In the era of reaction, after the Decembrist uprising, the “affair” of Alyabyev, who was close to the Decembrist circles, aroused the close attention of the government.
Severe trials did not break Alyabyev. In Siberia, he composes a lot, organizes a military brass band, participates in concerts as a pianist and conductor. During these difficult years, he created his best romances: "Irtysh", "Evening Bells", "Winter Road" and many others. Even earlier, during his imprisonment, the famous romance "The Nightingale" was written to the words of Delvig.
In 1832, Alyabyev received permission to travel to the Caucasus for treatment. He spent about two years in Pyatigorsk and its environs. The nature of the Caucasus made an indelible impression on his receptive nature. Alyabyev gets acquainted with the songs and dances of the mountain peoples, writes down Circassian, Kabardian, Georgian and Azerbaijani melodies. The result of the trip was a large collection of romances, published under the general title "Caucasian Singer". Caucasian impressions were also reflected in the opera "Ammalat-Bek" based on the story of the Decembrist writer Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, on which Alyabyev worked in the 1840s.
In the Caucasus, Alyabyev met the Ukrainian historian and folklorist M.A. Maksimovich and together with him prepared the collection “Voices of Ukrainian Songs”, in which he published his adaptations of Ukrainian folk melodies. This collection, published in 1834, was highly praised by Gogol.
Alyabyev continued his work on recording folk songs in Orenburg, where he was transferred after a trip to the Caucasus. He was the first among Russian composers to record Bashkir, Kirghiz and Turkmen songs, write an overture on Bashkir themes. This persistent and unchanging interest in the music of the peoples of Russia characterizes him as one of the foremost figures of his time.
The last years of the composer's life were spent in Moscow. In 1843, after long wanderings, he was finally allowed to settle there under police supervision, "without the right to appear in public." Alyabyev still composes a lot, works on the operas The Fisherman and the Mermaid and Ammalat-Bek, writes music for dramatic performances. In Moscow, he meets Dargomyzhsky, meets the revolutionary poet N. P. Ogarev and creates a number of songs-scenes from folk life based on his poems (“Kabak”, “Izba”, “Village watchman”). Imbued with ardent sympathy for the hard lot of the people, for the fate of the "little people", these songs were a response to the new realistic aspirations of Russian literature of the era of Belinsky, Gogol and the young Turgenev. In his songs to the words of Ogarev, Alyabyev paved the way for the innovative genre of the dramatic song-scene, for the work of his younger contemporary Dargomyzhsky. From the first romances of the 1820s to the latest works, he has come a long way in development. At the same time, at each new historical stage, he sensitively listened to the progressive trends of Russian art, was among the foremost artists of his time.
Alyabyev died in Moscow in 1851.
The extensive and diverse work of Alyabyev covers various genres. In the field of stage music, he owns 6 operas, the ballet "The Magic Drum, or the Consequence of the Magic Flute", .. about 20 vaudevilles, music for the dramatic works of Pushkin ("Mermaid"), Shakespeare and other authors, the melodrama "Prisoner of the Caucasus", (staging second part of Pushkin's poem) and other works. A large place in his work is occupied by instrumental compositions: overtures, symphonies, suites, marches and dances for symphony and brass bands, chamber instrumental ensembles. They reflected the composer's connection with the progressive moods of the time, with the thoughts and feelings that agitated his contemporaries.
"Interaction of music and literature" - New sound. Peer Gynt. The language of music. Crane song. Interaction of musical and literary basis. Solo musical and poetic work. Note. The sun is rising. What instruments are accompanied by romances. Vocalization. Romance. Cranes. Edward Grieg. Rachmaninov Sergei Vasilievich. Melody.
"Music based on Pushkin's fairy tales" - Trumpet. Princess. Sea. Fairy tales. Stars. Spruce grows in front of the palace. Good tales. Fairy tale illustrations. M.I. Glinka. The flute. Opera. Celesta. Good song. Trombone. Instruments. Ruslan. Month. Violin. Images of Pushkin's fairy tales.
"The Language of Music in Mathematics" - Measure, size. Examples of compound dimensions. Mathematics in sports and music. Identification of mathematical rhythms. Ordering. Temperament. String vibrations. Rhythms in trig. functions. Description. Polyrhythm, polymetry. Rhythm in mathematics. Rhythm. The laws. Fluctuations. Strict mathematical methods for constructing musical modes.
"Means of musical expression" - 4. Fragile, connected, distinct. 6. One of the forms of the work. 7. This may be the pace. 1. One of the modes. Means of musical expression. What is this about? 3. What is the sound volume called?
"The connection between mathematics and music" - Scale can be built. Mathematician at Columbia University. Own house. Without rhythm, music could not exist. Semi-tool. Mathematics in music. Pythagoras developed his theory of harmony. Doubts about mere identity. The history of the creation of equal temperament. Nice sounding parts. Annotation to the project.
"The main means of musical expression" - Melody. Lad. Dynamics. Rhythm. Means of musical expression. SMV. Timbre. Pace. Strokes. Let's take CMW for the core of the flower. Any tune can be described.
There are a total of 37 presentations in the topic
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A. A. Alyabiev “About whom your lyre sighs” Completed by the teacher “DShI im. V. V. Znamensky” Lutsenko M. V. Tyumen 2018
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Alexander Alexandrovich Alyabyev (1787-1851) The creative heritage of A. A. Alyabyev is represented by all musical genres (operas, ballet, vaudeville, works for orchestra, piano pieces, chamber ensembles, choral works) and vocal music occupies the most important place in it - more than 150 songs and romances. "I loved you" words by A. Pushkin Performed by Georg Ots (baritone)
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A. A. Alyabyev was born in the city of Tobolsk on August 15, 1787 and came from an old noble family. His father Alexander Vasilyevich was a governor. The opening of the Tobolsk theater and printing house was associated with his name. Alexander received an excellent home education. He spoke French and German, knew mathematics, history, geography. In the parental home they played the violin and piano. Sophia Cathedral of the Tobolsk Kremlin
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“Nightingale” poems by A. A. Delvig “The name of Alyabyev is primarily associated with his song “Nightingale”, which has spread all over the world. This song completely embodied Russian lyricism, born of the perception of Russian nature. Glinka's "Nightingale" seemed to be a reminder of Russia, who, living far from his homeland, twice creatively turned to Alyabyev's song. He loved the Nightingale and Tchaikovsky: “I can’t hear Alyabyev’s Nightingale without tears!!!” B. Dobrokhotov, author of the creative path of A. A. Alyabyeva. Henriette Sontag, German opera singer, first performer of Alyabyeva's The Nightingale
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A. A. Delvig is a Russian poet, one of A.S. Pushkin. Already during the life of the poet, his poems were set to music. Perhaps his most famous work was the romance Nightingale, dedicated to Alexander Pushkin My Nightingale, Nightingale, Vociferous Nightingale! Where are you, where are you flying, Where will you sing all night? My nightingale, nightingale, vociferous nightingale! Someone, poor like me, The night will listen to you, Without closing your eyes, Drowning in tears? My nightingale, nightingale, vociferous nightingale! Visit all countries, In villages and cities: You will not find anywhere more miserable than me. My nightingale, nightingale, vociferous nightingale! Anton Antonovich Delvig, Russian poet 1798-1831 Performed by Yevgeny Miroshnichenko (coloratura soprano)
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“About whom does your lyre sigh? To whom… did you dedicate it in a chant?” A.S. Pushkin In 1833, the vocal cycle "Six Romances" was published in Moscow, dedicated to Ekaterina Alexandrovna Ofrosimova (nee Rimskaya-Korsakova), the future wife of A. A. Alyabyev. This cycle was written with great lyrical inspiration and is one of the most characteristic examples of the composer's vocal creativity.
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Who will meet you by chance in life ... Unfortunately, we do not know the portraits of Ekaterina Alexandrovna, but Zhukovsky’s poem dedicated to her can give some idea. In the Album of E. A. Alyabyeva, born Rimskaya-Korsakova such a one between the days of happiness will notice, And thank the occasion with all his heart! And I thanked him, a bizarre god, with all my heart, For giving me a kind companion on the road, Pleasant memories of you! But to a stranger this gift is a boon! With such a comrade, the boring way is not boring, Cheerful is twice as fun! Whoever sees you once, a living desire involuntarily enters into his chest: To meet you some other time in life, So that, standing happy, you were happy, But so that you don’t forget a new acquaintance! Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky 1783-1852 Portrait by Orest Kiprensky
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Alexandra Alexandrovna Rimskaya-Korsakova, drawing by A.S. Pushkin A drawing by A.S. Pushkin, which depicts her twin sister, Alexandra Alexandrovna, whom the poet was passionate about, lines from the seventh chapter of Eugene Onegin are dedicated to her. Ekaterina Alexandrovna, apparently, was not inferior in beauty to her sister. With the Rimsky-Korsakov family Alyabyeva in the 20s. connected primarily friendship with the brothers of Ekaterina Alexandrovna.
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After A. Alyabyev was sentenced in 1825 on false charges and exiled to Siberia, in the same year, Ekaterina Alexandrovna was married to the owner of the Pushchino estate, A.P. Ofrosimova. Only years later they meet again in the Caucasus, in Pyatigorsk, where Alyabyev was allowed to come for treatment. Since then, their communication has not been interrupted even after the death of A.P. Ofrosimov, they got married in 1840. The composer was already 53 years old at that time. Museum "House of A. A. Alyabyev" in Pyatigorsk Portrait by V. A. Tropinin
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A wreath of romances “I see your image” poems by Goethe, translated by A. Bistrom “The Ring” poems by M. A. Bestuzhev-Ryumin “The Secret” poems by A. F. Veltman “Where are you, where are you, my dear friend” poems by S. Stepanov "Goodbye" verses by P. A. Vyazemsky "Sasha" verses by A. Mitskevich, translation by Y. Poznansky
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“I see your image” A. A. Alyabyev “I see your image” Performed by Alexander Fedin (tenor) Hood. K. Makovsky Ekaterina Alexandrovna Ofrosimova I see your image, when the dawn is breathing From the dormant nature, thick darkness shines. And the fragrance pours over the fields of flowers, I see your image, I see your image. I see your image, when a tear rolls From the blue eyes of a golden morning star And a rose looks into a silver stream, I see your image. I see your image, only the sun, the king of the universe, Solemnly blue rushes to the vault, And in every drop of water, gilded with rays, I see your image. I see your image when the day is fading, And the pale moon floats to the shadow of the night And plunges me into sweet oblivion, I see your image. Words by A. Bistrom (from Goethe)
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"...always filled with captivating melodies" The collection "six romances" received a positive assessment from contemporaries. In one of the reviews of that time, published in Moskovskie Vedomosti, it is noted that Alyabyev's music “... is always filled with captivating melodies; diverse in tones and distinguished by the elegance of taste, such is it in these romances. A century later, this cycle, born of feelings for his future wife, the researcher of Alyabyev's work B. Dobrokhotov attributed to the best achievements of the composer in love lyrics.
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Romance "The Secret" poems by A. F. Veltman Alexander Fomich Veltman began his literary activity in the field of poetry under the undoubted influence of Pushkin, whom he met in Chisinau in 1820. The melodiousness, melody of Veltman's poems attracted many composers, including one of the founders of Russian vocal music. lyrics by A. A. Alyabyeva A. F. Veltman
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ALEXANDER ALEKSANDROVICH ALYABEV (1787 - 1851)
Alyabiev's work is one of the brightest phenomena of Russian culture of the Pushkin era. A contemporary of Glinka and Dargomyzhsky, in his best works he approaches the creative method of these classical composers, combining romantic images with the deep life reality of his time.
Alyabyev was born in August 1787 in the city of Tobolsk, where his father was governor. He received his first music lessons in the family, then in St. Petersburg, where he studied piano and composition theory with I.G. Miller. He first showed himself as a composer in 1810: the New French Romance with piano accompaniment appeared in print, as well as two piano waltzes.
Member of the Patriotic War of 1812 and the foreign campaign of 1813 - 1814; was wounded during the capture of Dresden and on awarded with orders for military merit .
At the end of the Patriotic War of 1812 he settled in St. Petersburg, where worked with a circle of literary and theatrical activities telei (A. S. Griboe Dov, N. I. Khmelnits cue, A.A. Shakhovskoy, I. I. Sosnitsky, Decembrist writers A. A. Best Zhev and P. A. Mukhanov, composer A. N. Verstovsky). Since 1823 he lived in Moscow, took an active part in theatrical life. At the same time, the premiere of his first comic opera Moonlit Night was successfully held in both capitals.
Together with A. N. Verstovsky and F. E. Scholz, he wrote the music for the prologue "The Triumph of the Muses" for the opening of the Bolshoi Theater (January 6, 1825), created music for several water William, performed in amateur concerts.
But an absurd incident on February 24, 1825 changed the musician's whole life. He was arrested on false charges of murdering the landowner T.M. Veremeev and spent three years in prison, where he continued to write music. The famous romance "The Nightingale" was created here, to the words of A.A. Delvig. Romance, having gained European fame, became a favorite music in the repertoire of coloratura sopranos, Russian and foreign. Right up to the start XX centuries, foreign singers, according to the established tradition, sang "The Nightingale" in Russian.
Despite the fact that the composer's guilt was never proven, he was sentenced to deprivation of the nobility, insignia, ranks and exile to Siberia. The main reason for the harsh sentence was, apparently, Alyabyev's closeness to the Decembrist circles. Nicholas I repeatedly rejected petitions for mitigation of his fate. In 1828, after a three-year imprisonment in the fortress, Alyabyev was sent to Tobolsk. Here he organized a symphony orchestra of "Cossack music", led concerts in various genres, acted as a conductor and pianist. At this time, romances were written, published in the collection "Northern Singer" (1828, 1831), as well as orchestral works. In 1831, Alyabyev, with great difficulty, achieved the "highest permission" for the "use" of the Caucasian mineral springs. But the trip to the Caucasus did not change his social position, he was still under the supervision of local authorities.
In 1832-33 the composer lived in the Caucasus - in Stavropol, then moved to Pyatigorsk. It is known from archival documents that he stayed in the house of the deceased major Karabutova, which has survived to this day, has been marked with a memorial plaque since 1980, and since 1997 has been a department of the museum-reserve ("Alyabyev's House").
In 1833-34 - pages of the biography are moved to Orenburg, and then to the Moscow province. At this time, keenly interested in the music of the peoples of Russia, the composer wrote Caucasian, Bashkir, Kyrgyz, Turkish, Tatar folk songs, compiled and published, together with the Ukrainian folklorist historian M.A. songs of the rain" (1832, published in 1834). Only in 1843 Alyabyev received permission to live in Moscow, and again under police supervision. Here he again enters the theatrical environment, writing music for dramatic performances. In 1847, his friendship with A.S. Dargomyzhsky was established. Seriously ill, Alyabyev did not leave creative work until the end of his life.
The composer's activity unfolded during the formation of Russian musical classics. In his works, he displayed a new range of images inherent in the art of the Decembrist era. Vocal creativity is especially noteworthy in this sense.
Alyabievshowed great attention to the new phenomena of Russian poetry. He was one of the first interpreters of the lyrics of A. S. Pushkin (romances “If life is not a deception”, “I loved you”, “Alas, why does it shine”, “Awakening”, “Winter Road”, etc.) , V. A. Chukovsky, A. A. Delvig, N. M. Yazykov, I. I. Kozlov and others. Based on the achievements of Russian literature, he expanded the content of the romance and went beyond the traditional love-lyrical themes.
A special place in his work is occupied by romances. nology related to the theme of loneliness, exile, lively wanderings: "Irtysh", "Evening ringing", "Winter road". Created during the years of Siberian exile, they were a kind of lyrical confession of the composer. The patriotic theme, reflected in the songs of the 30s, received a vivid embodiment. (“Songs of Bayan” to the words of Yazykov and others). In production 48s the composer turned to subjects of social significance. In songs to the words of N.P. Ogaryov (“Tavern”, “Izba”, “Village watchman”) and P. Beranger (“Beggar woman”), he created images of the destitute nyh, similar to the images of Russian literature of that time meni (the stories of N.V. Gogol, the early stories of F.M. Dostoevsky and I.S. Turgenev). These songs prepared the emergence of innovative works by A.S. Dargomyzhsky (“Fever”) and M. P. Mussorgsky (“Kalistrat”, “Gopak”, “Trepak”).
Alyabyev's contribution to the domestic chamber-instrumental music is significant. tongue. He is the author of numerous ensembles. Among them are two string quartets (No. 1 and No. 3), a piano trio in A minor, and a sonata for violin and piano. In these works, the principles of the classical sonata cycle are organically combined are combined with elements of Russian songwriting. In particular, the slow part of the 3rd quartet is written on the theme of the song “Solo vei.
Fine examples of early Russian symphonism include the one-movement symphony in E minor, the overture in F minor, the opera overtures, ballet music. The composer also paid much attention to music for a brass band (marches, overtures).
Alyabyev's theatrical heritage has been little studied. The difficult situation of the exile prevented the production of his operas, written in his mature years. These works, pain mostly unfinished, remained in manuscripts (is only the works of the early 20s were completed. - vaudeville Li, ballet, opera "Moonlight Night"). Meanwhile, in theatrical music of the late 20s - early 40s. composer developed shaft big themes of world literature, turned to the work of A. S. Pushkin (music for the theatrical production of the poem "Prisoner of the Caucasus", to the drama "Mermaid") and W. Shakespeare (operas "The Tempest", "Magic Night" - based on the comedy "Dream on a Midsummer Night", music to the comedy "The Merry Wives of Windsor"). In his last opera "Ammalat-Bek" (on the plot of the story by A. Bestuzhev-Marlinsky) he used the Kaze folk tunes.
Alyabiev's melodies are very close to Russian folk music, which explains the popularity of his works in the flesh to our time. In addition to 70 vocal pieces published in 1859 in Moscow, most of the composer's works remained unpublished. At that time, he gained fame mainly for his romances, some of which were very popular, such as “In the Evening Blush of the Dawn”, “Evening Ringing”, , . The latter was often performed by the famous singers Patti, Viardot and others. There is also a brilliant arrangement for the piano of this romance, made by Liszt.
Alyabyev's romances can be named among those Russian vocal compositions that brought fame not only to their creators, but also to the artistic genius of the Russian people in general.
Alexander Alexandrovich Alyabyev (August 15, 1787, Tobolsk March 6, 1851, Moscow) Russian composer, pianist, conductor. August 15, 1787 Tobolsk March 6, 1851 Moscow In the 19th century, Alyabyev enjoyed great success, wrote about 200 romances, 7 operas, 20 musical comedies, and many other works. Among the best works of Alyabyev can be called the romance "The Nightingale" (1826) to the words of A. A. Delvig, "Winter Road", "Two Crows" to the poems of Pushkin, "Evening Bells" (to the text of Kozlov). A. Delvig Evening chimes
BORODIN Alexander Porfiryevich ()
Alexander Porfiryevich Borodiin (October 31 (November 12), 1833, St. Petersburg February 15 (27), 1887, ibid.) Russian scientist-chemist and Russian composer. The most significant work is the opera "Prince Igor", which is an example of the national heroic epic in music. November 12, 1833 St. Petersburg (February 27), 1887 chemist composer
Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (May 20 (June 1) (February 15, 1857) Russian composer, founder of the national composer school. Operas: "Life for the Tsar" (1836) "Ruslan and Lyudmila" () Symphonic works: Symphony on two Russian themes (1834, completed and orchestrated by Vissarion Shebalin) Music for the tragedy "Prince Kholmsky" by N. V. Kukolnik (1842) Spanish overture 1 "Brilliant capriccio on the Jota of Aragon" (1845) "Kamarinskaya", fantasy on two Russian themes (1848) Spanish overture 2 "Memories of a summer night in Madrid" (1851) "Waltz-Fantasy" (1839 for piano, 1856 extended version for symphony orchestra), etc. The patriotic song of Mikhail Glinka in the period from 1991 to 2000 was the official anthem of the Russian Federation. June 1, 1804 (15) February 1857 composer "Life for the Tsar" 1836 "Ruslan and Lyudmila" by Vissarion Shebalin N. V. Kukolnik Patriotic song of the year the anthem of the Russian Federation
Alexander Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky (Troitskoye village, Belevsky district, Tula province, St. Petersburg) Russian composer, whose work had a significant impact on the development of Russian musical art of the 19th century. Dargomyzhsky is considered the founder of the realistic trend in Russian music. The most significant works: the opera Esmeralda, the opera The Triumph of Bacchus, the opera Mermaid, the opera The Stone Guest, etc.
Isaac Osipovich Dunaevsky (January 18 (30), 1900, Lokhvitsa, Poltava province, Russian Empire (now Poltava region, Ukraine) July 25, 1955, Moscow, USSR) the largest Soviet composer, author of 13 operettas and ballets, music for several dozen films, many popular Soviet songs, People's Artist of the RSFSR (1950), winner of two Stalin Prizes (1941, 1951). (30) January 1900 Lokhvitsa Poltava province Russian Empire Poltava region Ukraine July 25, 1955 Moscow USSR composer 1950 Stalin Prizes
Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky () Soviet composer, teacher, public figure. Laureate of Lenin (1972), three Stalin (1946, 1949, 1951) and the USSR State Prize (1980). People's Artist of the USSR (1963). Doctor of Arts (1965). Full member of the APN of the USSR (1971). Operas: On Fire The Taras Family Nikita Vershinin Sisters etc
LYADOV Anatoly Konstantinovich ()
Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov (April 29 (May 11), 1855, St. Petersburg August 15 (28), 1914, Polynovka estate, near Borovichi, now Novgorod region) Russian composer, conductor and teacher, professor at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. Among the most famous works of Lyadov are the symphonic poems "Baba Yaga", "Magic Lake", "Kikimora", "Dance of the Amazon", "Song of Sorrow". The composer is considered one of the masters of the miniature genre, many of his works are written in simple forms and last several minutes (Musical snuffbox). April 29 (May 11) 1855 St. Petersburg August 15 (28) 1914 Borovichey composer professor of the St. Petersburg Conservatory symphonic poems
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (March 9 (21), 1839, Karevo village, Toropetsk district, Pskov province March 16 (28), 1881, St. Petersburg) Russian composer, member of the Mighty Handful. Compositions: Opera "Boris Godunov" Opera "Khovanshchina" Opera "Sorochinsky Fair" "Pictures at an Exhibition", a cycle of pieces for piano (1874) "Songs and Dances of Death", vocal cycle (1877) "Night on Bald Mountain", symphonic picture Romances and songs, including “Where are you, little star?”, “Kalistrat”, “Lullaby of Eremushka”, “Orphan”, “Seminarian”, “Svetik Savishna”, Song of Mephistopheles in the cellar of J.S. Bach (“Flea ”), “Rayok”, etc. 1839 Pskov 1881 “Mighty Handful” “Boris Godunov” “Khovanshchina” Sorochinskaya Fair
Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev (April 11 (April 23) 1891 (), Sontsovka estate, Bakhmut district, Yekaterinoslav province, Russian Empire (now the village of Krasnoye, Krasnoarmeisky district, Donetsk region, Ukraine) March 5, 1953, Moscow, RSFSR, USSR) Russian and Soviet composer , conductor, pianist. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1947). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1957 posthumously) and six Stalin Prizes (1943, 1946 three times, 1947, 1951). One of the largest and most performed composers of the 20th century. Operas: A Feast During the Plague, The Gambler, The Love for Three Oranges, The Fiery Angel, Betrothal in a Monastery, War and Peace, The Tale of a Real Man, Boris Godunov (musical and dramatic performance) after A. S. Pushkin Ballets: “The Tale of the Jester Who Outwitted Seven Jesters” (1921, Paris) “Steel Skok” (1927, Paris) “The Prodigal Son” (1929, ibid.) On the Dnieper (1931, ibid. ), "Romeo and Juliet" (according to W. Shakespeare, (1938, Brno; 1940, Leningrad), "Cinderella" (1945, Moscow) "The Tale of the Stone Flower" (according to P. P. Bazhov, (1951, Moscow, 1957, Leningrad), etc. April 23, 1891 Bakhmut district, Yekaterinoslav province, Russian Empire, Krasnoarmeisky district, Donetsk region, Ukraine March 5, 1953 Moscow RSFSR USSR Russian Soviet composer conductor People's Artist of the RSFSR 1947 Lenin 1957 Stalin Prizes Boris Godunov (musical and dramatic performance) A.S. »1927Paris "Prodigal Son" "Romeo and Juliet"W. Shakespeare1938Brno1940Len Ingrad "Cinderella" 1945 Moscow "The Tale of the Stone Flower" P. P. Bazhov 1951 Moscow 1957 Leningrad
Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov (April 1 (March 20) March 1943) Russian composer, virtuoso pianist and conductor. In his work, he synthesized the principles of the St. Petersburg and Moscow composer schools (as well as the traditions of Western European music) and created his own original style, which subsequently influenced both Russian and world music of the 20th century. Rachmaninov's work is conventionally divided into three or four periods: early (), mature (it is sometimes divided into two periods: i) and late (). March 20, 1943 Russian composer and conductor of the 20th century
Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov (March 6 (18), 1844, Tikhvin June 8 (21), 1908, Lyubensk estate, near Luga, St. Petersburg province) Russian composer, teacher, conductor, public figure, music critic; member of the Mighty Handful. Among his compositions are 15 operas, 3 symphonies, symphonic works, instrumental concertos, cantatas, chamber-instrumental, vocal and sacred music.
ALEXANDER NIKOLAEVICH SKRYABIN ().
Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (June 5 (17), 1882, Oranienbaum April 6, 1971, New York; buried in Venice at the San Michele cemetery) Russian composer, conductor and pianist, one of the largest representatives of the world musical culture of the 20th century. Compositions: "Firebird", ballet in two scenes "Petrushka", Russian amusing scenes in four scenes "The Rite of Spring", scenes of pagan Russia in two scenes "Orpheus", ballet in three scenes "Nightingale", opera in three acts and etc. (17) June 1882 Oranienbaum April 6, 1971 New York, Venice, San Michele, Russian composer, conductor, pianist of the 20th century, Firebird, Parsley, Rite of Spring, Orpheus, Nightingale
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (April 25 (May 7), 1840, Votkinsk, Vyatka province, Russian Empire October 25 (November 6), 1893, St. Petersburg) Russian composer, conductor, teacher, musical public figure, music journalist. Considered one of the greatest composers in the history of music. Author of more than 80 works, including ten operas and three ballets. His concertos and other works for piano, seven symphonies (six numbered and the symphony "Manfred"), four suites, program symphonic music, ballets "Swan Lake", "Sleeping Beauty", "The Nutcracker" represent an extremely valuable contribution to world musical culture. May 7, 1840 Votkinsk, Vyatka province, Russian Empire, November 6, 1893, St. Petersburg, composer, conductor, teacher, Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty, Nutcracker
Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich () an outstanding Soviet composer, pianist, conductor, teacher and public figure. People's Artist of the USSR (1954), Hero of Socialist Labor (1966). Major works: 15 symphonies Operas: The Nose, Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (Katerina Izmailova), The Players (finished by Krzysztof Meyer) Ballets: The Golden Age (1930), The Bolt (1931) and Light Stream” (1935) 15 string quartets Festive overture of 1954 to the opening of the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition for the night light and music program of fountains Quintet Oratorio “The Song of the Forests” Cantata “The Sun Shines Over Our Homeland” Cantata “The Execution of Stepan Razin” Anti-formalist Paradise Concerts and sonatas for various instruments Romances and songs for voice with piano and symphony orchestra Operetta "Moscow, Cheryomushki" Music for films: "Ordinary People" (1945), "Young Guard" (1948), "The Capture of Berlin" (1949), "The Gadfly" (1955) , "Hamlet" (1964), "King Lear" (1971) composerpianist conductorpedagogue People's Artist of the USSRHero of Socialist LaborNoseLady Macbeth of the Mtsensk DistrictPlayers Krzysztof MeyerGolden Age"Bolt""Light Stream" Festive Overture of the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition Quintet OratorioSong of the Forests CantataAbove Our Motherland The Sun Shines CantataThe Execution of Stepan Razin The Anti-Formalist Paradise ConcertsSonatas RomansSongsSymphony Orchestra OperettaMoscow, CheryomushkiMovies"Ordinary People"1945Young Guard1948"The Gadfly"1955"Hamlet"1964King Lear1971
