Recipient countries and their shares in total exports are shown in fig. 3.

Rice. 3 Main countries receiving SMS from Russia in 2007.

Let us consider at what average contract prices synthetic detergents are supplied from Russia to the recipient countries.

Table 6. Average export contract prices by recipient countries in 2007

The value of the average export contract price is 747 dollars per ton of CMC. The cheapest products are shipped from Russia to Poland, at a price of approximately $370 / ton; about $900 per ton of synthetic detergent.

1.2 Composition of synthetic detergents

In modern SMS, surfactants are used that have a degree of biodegradation of at least 90%: alkylsulfonates R- - sodium salts of fatty sulfonic acids; alkanesulfonates (R - alkyl C11 - C18) with high detergency and high biodegradability (up to 99%); olefinsulfonates (R - alkyl C10 - C14) have a good washing effect, including in hard water; hydroxyolefinsulfonates (R - alkyl. C10 - C14), etc.

Alkyl sulfates R - 0S03Na - sodium salts of sulfate esters of higher animal alcohols (R alkyl C11 C17). Sulfates of ethoxylated fatty alcohols have a high detergent effect and are 100% biodegradable. Alkyl sulfates and alkyl sulfonates belong to the class of anionic surfactants.

From cationic surfactants practical use have quaternary ammonium compounds with various functional groups for a hydrophobic purpose. Cationic surfactants are used as corrosion inhibitors (to protect washing machines), antistatic agents, emulsifiers; they also have a disinfectant effect. In combination with non-ionic surfactants, they are used in detergents with bactericidal action.

To enhance the action of surfactants, alkaline salts are introduced into SMS - carbonate and sodium silicate. When hydrolyzed, they create an alkaline environment, which softens the water. In addition, anionic surfactants show their effect only in an alkaline environment. Alkaline electrolytes are introduced into the composition of SMS for cotton and linen fabrics. Sodium silicate slows down the corrosion of metal parts of washing machines, enhances the anti-resorptive ability and reduces the hygroscopicity of powdered SMS.

Neutral salts are introduced into SMS - sodium sulfate and phosphate. Sodium sulfate is used to improve the flowability of the powder and its solubility in water, increases the washing power of the SMS, it is included in all types of SMS. Detergents also contain up to 30% phosphorus salts - trisodium phosphates and polyphosphates to reduce the alkalinity of detergent solutions to pH ≈ 7. This is necessary for the action of additives such as enzymes. The action of phosphates is that they eliminate plaque on tissues formed by poorly soluble compounds, reduce the ash content of tissues. Polyphosphates enhance the action of surfactants. Phosphates have, however, a disadvantage - they pollute wastewater.

Carboxymethylcellulose (sodium salt of cellulose ether and glycolic acid) is added to the composition of SMS for linen fabrics. It prevents the re-deposition of contaminants on the surface of cotton fabrics. To prevent the resorption of dirt on woolen and silk fabrics, polyvinylpyrrolidone is added to SMS.

The washing ability of modern SMS is not determined by the amount of foam formed during washing, since there are low-foam surfactants with a high washing ability. A large amount of foam is a tradition of hand washing. For hand wash SMS, the foaming capacity is provided by the addition of foam stabilizers (alkylolamides).

To preserve the whiteness of white products, chemical and physical (optical) brighteners are added to the composition of SMS. Of the chemical bleaches that are used in SMS for linen and cotton fabrics, salts of peroxide acids (persalts), for example, sodium perborate, are usually used. When the temperature of the washing solution is above 60 ° C, this substance is hydrolyzed, releasing atomic oxygen, which is a bleaching and disinfecting agent. Chemical bleaches are strong oxidizing agents, they destroy tissues with prolonged and repeated exposure. To protect the fibers from destruction, sodium silicate is added to the SMS. Recently, methods have been found for activating peroxide salts at lower temperatures of the washing solution.

For fabrics made of mixed fibers, synthetic and natural protein fabrics - wool and silk, to increase the whiteness and eliminate the yellow tint of white fabrics, optical brighteners are used - colorless fluorescent organic compounds that are adsorbed from the solution. Optical brighteners have the ability to absorb invisible ultraviolet rays of sunlight (300 - 400 nm) and convert them into visible rays of the blue part of the reflected light with a longer wavelength (400 - 500 nm), giving blueness to tissues; under artificial lighting, the effect of optical whitening does not appear.

Modern SMS contain special dietary supplements to remove contaminants of fatty origin and protein substances containing protein (traces of blood, egg white, milk) - enzymes (enzymes). Proteolytic enzymes (proteases) carry out enzymatic hydrolysis of polypeptide groups in large protein molecules and break them down to small amino acid residues that are easily removed from the fibers during washing. Detergents containing proteases cannot be used for washing items made from natural silk and wool, since they also have a protein nature. Amylases are enzymes that hydrolyze carbohydrates, lipases are enzymes that promote the destruction of fatty contaminants. The effectiveness of detergents with enzymes depends on the temperature of the washing solution and the pH of the medium.

In the composition of SMS for washing synthetic fibers, antistatic agents are sometimes additionally introduced, which remove the charges of static electricity. Nonionic and cationic surfactants are usually used as antistatic agents.

The unpleasant smell of powdered SMS, especially those containing enzymes, is eliminated by the introduction of fragrances. As disinfectant additives, substances (or surfactants) that have a fungicidal (antifungal), bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect are most often used.

The use of dyes in the composition of SMS is based on the optical effect, since the dyes are adsorbed on the surface of tissues without a chemical effect on the tissue. For this purpose, ultramarine, indigo, synthetic organic pigments are used. In this case, the fabric acquires greater whiteness and brightness due to the blue tint.

1.3 Technology for the production of synthetic detergents

The peculiarities of their production have a certain influence on the consumer properties of SMS. The manufacturing technology of synthetic detergents includes the preparation of compositions, drying, packaging and packaging.

The preparation of the composition consists in mixing surfactants with useful additives. The solution is then filtered and passed through a colloid mill to make it homogeneous. When spraying the solution in a drying tower under a pressure of 30 - 50 at. and a temperature of 250 - 350 ° C, drying occurs - the powders are obtained in granular form. For the production of detergents, the crystallization method is used: spraying plants operate at low temperatures in a drying tower.

The bulk of powdered SMS in our country and abroad is produced by high-temperature spray drying, which ensures the production of a high-quality granular product. However, this method is characterized by energy consumption, the possibility of decomposition of sodium tripolyphosphate, a large consumption of packaging material, pollution environment dust CMC from the exhaust air.

In addition to the non-tower method for the production of powder detergents, there are also: dry mixing of the initial components in mixers (the resulting product, however, contains a significant amount of dust fraction), spraying liquid components on a dry base in suspension (a granular product can be obtained, according to quality indicators as good as a spray-dried product, but at a lower cost).

Along with powder detergents, liquid detergents are produced that dissolve better in water, are easily dosed, and their production is less expensive.

The quality of the manufactured products directly depends on the increase in the purity of the raw materials used - improvement in color, reduction in the content of impurities; expanding the production of useful additives and improving their quality, improving the technology for the production of SMS. New environmental requirements have led to the creation of alternative tower technologies, tableting, extrusion, granulation, agglomeration in "boiling" SMS, etc. the resulting products are more in line with new types of washing machines, do not contain filler, require less packaging material.

Powder SMS weighing from 200 to 500 g for household consumption are packed mainly in cardboard packs with a capacity of 1100 cm³. In addition, the so-called economical packaging of 1 is used; 3 and 5 kg. The larger the package, the lower the cost per unit of mass.

Liquid and pasty detergents are packaged mainly in polymer containers - bottles, jars, tubes, etc.

1.4 Environmental propertiessynthetic detergents

For the hygienic characteristics of SMS, it is very important to establish the degree of biological degradability of surfactants. This is of particular importance for maintaining the purity of water bodies, since the chemicals entering them negatively affect the processes of natural self-purification of water and aquatic organisms. Currently, it is believed that detergents can be used in everyday life if they decompose in water bodies by at least 80%.

The most rapidly and completely destroyed in water bodies are alkyl sulfates and sulfates of ethers, slower - NP 1 sulfonic acid. NP 1 sulfonic acid decomposes only by 38%; sulfonic acid NP 3 - by 76%. Phosphates are easily biodegradable. However, their content in the composition of SMS and their accumulation in wastewater leads to increased growth of algae. Therefore, in a number of countries (Canada, USA), the production of SMS containing phosphates has been reduced. A promising substitute for them has not yet been found, and since the reason for the increased growth of algae is not only phosphates, but also other compounds, phosphates have not yet been removed from detergents.

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I want more like this...

Own business - production of cleaning and detergents

Cleanliness is a highly demanded factor in almost all areas of human life and activity. Liquid soaps, fabric softeners, washing powders, stain removers, shampoos, multifunctional pastes and gels - products that effectively cope with dirt, degrease and disinfect are used frequently, everywhere and in huge quantities.

The production of detergents and cleaning products has always been, is and will be very profitable, because their consumption in Russia, as market statistics show, is constantly growing.

Top Selling Products

Allocate solid, liquid, powder (granular) and pasty synthetic detergents. Leadership among this group of funds in terms of production and sales belongs to powdered products. High demand for products is provided due to:

• ease of opening production and mastering manufacturing technology,
• high concentration of active substances,
• low cost for manufacturers and reasonable price for consumers.

Liquid products occupy the second most popular position in the market. Hypoallergenicity, the absence of "hard" ingredients and an affordable price are the properties that ensure such a high demand. because of a large number of the constituent components, liquid detergents are more difficult to manufacture than powdered detergents. However, you can always limit yourself to the release of a product with the simplest composition of water, surfactant, flavor and dye.

Also, the popularity of specialized detergents for washing and disinfecting equipment in the production of food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products is currently growing.

The formation of the assortment of the enterprise and its development depends on:

• availability of raw materials and energy resources;
• the cost of these resources;
• changes over time in the designs of household and industrial washing equipment;
• applicable environmental protection standards.

Production technology

Modern detergents and cleaners are multi-component mixtures that are quite complex in composition and action, the main ingredient in which is biodegradable surfactants. The quality of the finished product directly depends on the feedstock, the production technology used, and the presence of additives.

Stages of production of synthetic detergents:

• composition preparation,
• drying (for powder formulations),
• packing,
• package.

When mixed, as a rule, the composition comes out heterogeneous, with a large particle size. The problem is solved by running through a colloid mill. Drying of powdered products in a semi-liquid form is carried out in special chambers under pressure up to 50 atmospheres and a temperature of 250-350°C.

It should be noted that this method of production of detergents is characterized by high energy consumption, it is characterized by high manufacturability, moreover, contamination with dust particles will ensure close supervision by regulatory authorities.

The way out is the use of the crystallization method, for which drying towers operating at low temperatures are used. Also, in order to save money, spraying of dissolved anionic surfactants on a pre-prepared dry base with a fragrance and an abrasive is used.

Equipment

The more equipped your production will be, the wider will be the opportunities for the range of products. On one production line, not only cleaning products, but also shampoos and hair balms, shower gels, bath foam, liquid soaps can be produced.

Please note that to open the production of detergents and cleaning products, you will need a considerable list modern equipment.

• Universal mixers.
• vacuum chambers.
• homogenizing plants.
• Containers for detergents.
• Mixers.
• Pumps, dispensers.
• Capping devices.
• Labeling plant.
• Other distribution equipment.

Where to place production

The production line for liquid detergents is very large. A medium-sized enterprise produces about 700 tons of products per year, so storage facilities must be large enough. It is impossible to use the area to accommodate production and administrative personnel together with finished products, therefore, rooms for changing, resting and eating workers will be separate from the warehouses and the production workshop and have a separate ventilation system. As a result, you will need at least 500 sq. m. area with a ceiling height of at least 3 meters. The premises are usually located on the ground floor of the building.

Due to the rather stringent requirements of the supervisory authorities, some entrepreneurs choose as the location of production - more than large enterprises by paying them high rents, which has a direct impact on the final cost of the product.

Packing funds

The complexity of opening the production of detergents and cleaning products is that to ensure that different compositions do not react, the products of which can be very dangerous for humans, at least two lines for bottling and packaging of finished products are required.

• for pouring liquid and gel-like formulations into containers with a volume of 250 ml or more,
• for pouring into containers up to 1000 ml.

Separate storage tankers will be required for each of the lines.

For powder products, packaging is important. The most economical options are cardboard containers and plastic bags.

Employees

First of all, you will need a technologist or operator (one for each shift).

Business for the production of household chemicals and detergents

Also, you can not do without the help of a marketer, designer, sales manager, loaders and forwarding drivers, handymen and a mechanic.

You will need to keep accounts - you can hire a personal accountant or turn to the services of organizations that provide accounting services. It is advisable to conclude maintenance and repair contracts with equipment manufacturers.

Attachments

7-8 million rubles– the approximate amount of the initial investment, including:

• production line,
• permits,
• room rental,
• additional expenses.

3-4 years- the average payback period for projects for the production of cleaning and detergents.

Rospotrebnadzor requirements for the production of cleaning and detergents

The production of synthetic detergents is a potentially hazardous activity for humans and the environment, and therefore the requirements for it are quite stringent. Here are the main ones:

1. Production should be located only in those premises, the decoration of which does not allow the accumulation of active substances. Simply put, the walls, ceiling and floor must be finished with materials that are easy to clean (plastic, tile or water-based paint).
2. All employees must be provided with protective clothing, footwear and respirators and undergo regular medical examinations.
3. The workshop in which the installation of production lines was carried out must be located at a distance of at least a kilometer from residential buildings.
4. Workshops should be equipped with a powerful forced ventilation exhaust system and a set of engineering networks: electricity, water supply, sewerage, as well as fire alarm call buttons and fire extinguishing equipment.

Sales of products

Competition in this area is quite tough, so a qualified sales manager is the key to successful product sales and the viability of the business as a whole.

At the initial stage, it will be necessary to launch an effective advertising campaign.

High quality and affordable cost are factors that attract the attention of a large mass of potential consumers.

2500
pieces of equipment in production
all around Russia

Own business: production of detergents and cleaning products

Production - synthetic detergents

C page 2

For the production of synthetic detergents in powder form for the period 1959 - 1965. it is planned to build 20-22 workshops and factories with high productivity and equipped with modern means of mechanization and automation of processes. At present, such enterprises are being built in Shebekino, Volgodonsk, Krasnovodsk, Kazan, Moscow and other regions.

For the production of synthetic detergents will be used different kinds organic raw materials. The most important of these are alkyl sulfates, alkyl aryl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, and non-iopogenic surfactants.

Trill-type surfactants, such as alkyl benzene sulfenates (ABS), primary alkyl sulfates and alkyl sulfunates, are of primary importance for the production of synthetic detergents and will remain so in the future. Secondary alkyl sulfates can only be used to prepare liquid detergents, but secondary alcohols are of particular importance for the production of biodegradable nonionic surfactants.

For the production of synthetic detergents, it is necessary to impart water solubility to a high molecular weight aliphatic residue. This is achieved indirectly by conversion to alkyl benzene, the aromatic nucleus of which is easily sulfonated.

The development of the production of synthetic detergents contributed not only to an overall significant increase in the consumption of detergents, but also to a change in the ratio of synthetic detergents and soap - the production of soap decreased to the level that was reached 20 years ago.

In the production of synthetic detergents (CMC), which make up the largest and most important group of household chemicals, wastewater is generated during the preparation of sodium silicate, during the preparation and drying of the composition - as a result of cooling and washing equipment and containers.

In the production of synthetic detergents, spray dryers produce 60,000 Nm3/h of gas emissions containing detergent dust and organic matter.

Over the past 20 years, the production of synthetic detergents has been greatly developed abroad.

The rapid development of the production of synthetic detergents in all countries of the world is due to a number of reasons. The main ones are: a) shortcomings of fatty soap; b) the need to release natural fats for food purposes; c) the need for special detergents in connection with the development of the synthetic fiber industry; d) the high merits of synthetic detergents and the possibility of their large-scale production on the basis of the development of the organic synthesis industry.

For the development of the production of synthetic detergents in various countries, along with price fluctuations, the national characteristics and capabilities of the economies of these countries are of great importance.

An analysis of the state of production of synthetic detergents indicates a steady expansion of its production in all countries of the world.

It is used in the production of synthetic detergents.

It is used in the production of synthetic detergents as a surfactant to stabilize the foam and increase the washing power of detergent solutions.

It is used in the production of synthetic detergents as a surfactant, in the production of bleaching and stain-water products.

It is used in the production of liquid synthetic detergents, shampoos, cleaners and shoe care products.

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List of manufactured equipment for the manufacture of detergents We produce equipment for the manufacture of detergents: universal mixers; vacuum equipment; pumps, homogenizers; dissolvers; storage tanks: vacuum and atmospheric; vacuum reactor and homogenizer mixer; melters, fat melters, pumps, accumulators and much more. List of detergents produced on Molpromline equipment On the technological equipment for the production of various purpose detergents are made: shampoos; conditioners; conditioners, gels; bath foams; soap cosmetic and children's and the like.

For the production of products, equipment is needed for the production of household and technical detergents, which allows to ensure a uniform structure and heating during the technological cycle.

Advantages of the equipment offered by our company:

• small production area for equipment installation;
• simplicity of the technological process;
• high degree of product composition homogeneity;
• greater technological flexibility (oils, fatty acids, and their mixture can be used);
• fast production start-up and easy handling;
• no emissions into the environment;
• relatively low energy costs for heating.

We produce modern, high-tech and advanced products. The catalog of the enterprise presents many options for equipment, specific equipment is calculated individually for each customer request.

The entire line of developed and manufactured equipment will not disappoint the most demanding buyer of professional products.

small capital investments and small space required to run the equipment ideal for companies with limited space and capital investment, a real opportunity to start your small business.

NZPO LLC - Molpromline™ has been on the market for many years Russian Federation and CIS countries, special conditions for our partners can be found by phone and information on the website.

Technical characteristics of equipment for the production of detergents:

№	A set of equipment for the production of detergents
1	Mixer SMU-1000 Mixer SMU-1000 V-slave=1000 l. three-layer vacuum tank made of stainless steel, with a jacket, thermal insulation with mineral wool, on supports, bottom and lid - cone with a cone height of 200 mm (cock for draining the product Du-80), sealed lid. Heating is carried out by means of electric heating elements made of stainless steel. Composition and production technology of synthetic detergents steel, power 45 kW. working hatch 400 mm - airtight, viewing window with illumination, with three loading fittings DN 50, frame-type agitator for 1/3 of the height (repeats the shape of the bottom), 60 rpm. / min, geared motor 2.2 kW., with agitator support, cooling water inlet fitting 3/4", lugs for a glass dipstick 1/2" with external thread, product inlet pipe to a depth of 2/3. The second mixing device is high-speed "cutter" type. The rotation speed of the cutter is adjustable from 0 to 1500 rpm. Mill drive power 22 kW. Control panel including stirrer starter, heating and cooling control.
2	Pump Pump for transferring from the brewing tank to the storage tank
3	Technological tank RT-1000 Technological tank RT-1000 Vrab-1000l, single-layer stainless steel, cone bottom, with frame-type agitator, 20-30 rpm 2.2 kW., 2" outlet fitting with ball valve
4	Filter Quick release filters
5	Pipeline Piping and shutoff valves Du-80
6	dispenser Dosing device UD-2 double

It is possible to buy equipment for the production of soap, detergents according to pre-agreed options for technologies, dimensions and productivity.

The price of equipment for the production of detergents is always negotiable due to the unpredictability of costs.

How to open the production of detergents and cleaning products

Companies / Chemical production / Soap production; washing, cleaning and polishing agents; perfumery and cosmetics / Production of glycerin; soaps; detergents, cleaners, polishes / Manufacture of soap and detergents

Soap and detergent production

• 1.LLC "NPF "GENIKS" Mari El, Republic, Yoshkar-Ola
• 2.LLC "ECO-STANDARD-K" Omsk region, Omsk
• 3. LLC "CLEAN URAL SERVICE" Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk
• 4.LLC "PLANT OF DETERGENTS" Belgorod region
• 5. OJSC "VKhZ" KRISTALL", OJSC "VKhZK" Rostov region, Volgodonsk
• 6.OOO "NPF CHIMITEK" St. Petersburg
• 7. OOO "LIG" Moscow
• 8. OOO "HIMSINTEZ" Rostov region, Novocherkassk
• 9.LLC "YUG PENA" Rostov region, Novocherkassk
• 10.OOO "SITRA-T" St. Petersburg
• 11.LLC "NPF "RIVT" St. Petersburg
• 12. OOO "PROM.KHIMIYA" Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk
• 13.JSC "ARKTIKA" Saratov region, Engels
• 14. LLC "PK "ELFOR" Kemerovo region, Kemerovo
• 15.LLC "PROMBYTHIM" Ulyanovsk region, Ulyanovsk
• 16.LLC "NEO-ECOBLESS" Mari El, Republic, Yoshkar-Ola
• 17. LLC FIRMA "PAOLS" Kursk region
• 18. CJSC "PROMOS" Nizhny Novgorod region, Dzerzhinsk
• 19. CJSC "BILLAR" St. Petersburg
• 20.JSC "NEFIS COSMETICS" Tatarstan, Republic, Kazan
• 21.LLC "VOLGOGRADBYTHIM" Volgograd region, Volgograd
• 22. LLC "TDK" Nizhny Novgorod region, Dzerzhinsk
• 23. CJSC "ASSOCIATION OF HOUSEHOLD CHEMISTRY" Tula region, Novomoskovsk
• 24.LLC "EUROPEAN CHEMICAL COMPANY" Volgograd region, Volgograd
• 25. CJSC "KOSTROMSKOY CHEMICAL PLANT" Kostroma region, Kostroma
• 26. LLC NPP "FLOREAL" Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar
• 27. CJSC "AIST" St. Petersburg
• 28. CJSC "FACTORY OF HOUSEHOLD CHEMISTRY" Nizhny Novgorod region, Dzerzhinsk
• 29.LLC "GRASS" Volgograd region, Volgograd
• 30.LLC "ALL GREEN" Rostov region
• 31.LLC "FINIST-MYLOVAR" Voronezh region, Voronezh
• 32. LLC "PKP" PROMTEKHSNAB "Omsk region
• 33.FL JSC "NEVSKAYA COSMETICS" Irkutsk region, Angarsk
• 34.LLC "CONCEPT-COSMETICS" St. Petersburg
• 35.LLC "FLORALIS" St. Petersburg
• 36. LLC "CLEAN HOUSE" Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk
• 37.LLC "SIBTECHNOSOYUZ" Tomsk region, Tomsk
• 38. OOO "COMPANY" NPH "Moscow
• 39. CJSC "LENKAB" St. Petersburg
• 40.LLC "EXPERIMENTAL AND PRODUCTION COMPANY "SIBEKOKHIM" Omsk region, Omsk

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Dmitry Mezentsev

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• Russian manufacturers- these are Russian owners of production, producing goods on the territory of their country, registered in it and using the labor of Russian workers. Accordingly, they produce Russian goods.
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Also be sure to check out

Modern civilization is literally obsessed with cleanliness. Detergents and antibacterial compounds, detergents and abrasive powders ... All this is consumed daily and in gigantic quantities.

If we do not take into account environmental problems, when some manufacturers are not too scrupulous about the substances used in their products, then there is nothing wrong with this: the production of detergents has always been, is and will be very profitable, and its products are in demand.

Comparison of sales volumes

To date, powder products are leading in terms of production volumes. They are easy to manufacture, cheap, and therefore are in high demand among consumers. In our country, detergents in the form of tablets, which are very popular in Europe and the USA, are practically not common.

In second place are liquid products. Their advantage is that they do not contain "hard" components that can cause allergies.

The possibility of manufacturing a wide range of products depends on the equipment of production necessary equipment. Modern liquid detergents are much more difficult to manufacture, as they contain a lot of components. However, domestic companies often use only the most simple views, which include only sets of surfactants, fragrance and dye.

The cost of such detergents is also low, and the profitability of production is higher, since up to 40% of the volume falls on water.

Information about production technology

The very technology for the production of synthetic detergents includes several main stages: mixing the composition, drying (in the case of powder formulations), and packaging.

At the first stage, a rather heterogeneous composition is obtained. In order to reduce the particle size, it is driven through a colloid mill. As for drying, it is carried out in special chambers, spraying and drying the composition. The process is underway under pressure up to 50 atmospheres and at a temperature of 250-350 °C.

Such production of detergents is not very feasible from an economic point of view, since it requires considerable energy costs, and dust pollution requires strict control by supervisory authorities. Much more successful is the crystallization method, for which low-temperature drying towers are used.

Once again, let us recall domestic realities: our manufacturers often simply do not have the funds to purchase such high-tech equipment, and therefore the funds are produced by banal dry mixing. A little less often, spraying of dissolved anionic surfactants onto a pre-prepared dry base with a fragrance and an abrasive is used. In this case, it turns out that the production of liquid and dry detergents is approximately the same cost.

List of required equipment

As you probably guessed, to make even the simplest powdered cleaning agent, you will need a considerable list of modern equipment. Let's list the main ones.

• Universal mixers.
• vacuum chambers.
• homogenizing plants.
• Containers for detergents.
• Mixers.
• Pumps, dispensers, other distribution equipment.

On one such line, not only cleaning products, but also the following list of products can be manufactured.

• Shampoos and hair balms.
• Shower gels.
• Bath foam.
• Soap.

Packing

Note that the average production of detergents requires several different lines for packaging finished products at once: for pouring liquid and gel-like formulations into a PE-can with a volume of 250 ml or more; of the same line, but for filling into containers up to 1000 ml. For each of them, it is required to purchase separate storage tankers.

Such a requirement is put forward by regulatory authorities to ensure that different compounds do not react, the products of which can be very dangerous to humans. Powder types are easier, but proper packaging is very important here. As a rule, they are packed either in cardboard containers or in plastic bags.

Some information about the premises

Please note that equipment for the production of liquid detergents is very bulky, so it makes no sense to rent a small room: you need at least 550 square meters of space. A medium-sized enterprise produces about 800 tons of products per year, so storage facilities must be sufficiently spacious.

Since the placement of personnel in the same rooms where it is stored finished products, is not allowed, it is necessary to provide separate rooms for rest and meals, isolated from warehouses and the production workshop, with a separate ventilation system.

Expenses

All equipment, documents, rent and other costs will result in approximately 6-7 million rubles. The cost of ready-made block complexes intended for the production of a wide range of detergents is approximately 5 million rubles.

The production of detergents pays off in about four years. Such a long period is partly due to the fact that due to the rather stringent requirements of the SES, some entrepreneurs are forced to place their production in the workshops of larger enterprises, paying the latter huge rents. This causes a sharp increase in the cost of production and increases the selling price for it.

SES requirements for the production of detergents

Since we have touched on this topic, we should reveal it in more detail. Since the production of synthetic detergents is an activity that is potentially dangerous both for humans in particular and for the environment in general, the requirements for it are quite stringent.

Firstly, the production should be located only in those premises, the decoration of which does not allow the accumulation of active substances. Simply put, walls, ceilings and floors must be finished with plastic or tiles that can be easily washed.