An enterprise that does not produce anything on its own, still has the opportunity to earn. To do this, it is enough just to pack ready-made products, which can bring considerable income. Prepackaged goods can be sold much more expensive than bulk goods, and knowing the most profitable types of product packaging, you can create a business with minimal initial investment and the shortest payback period.
How to start a food packaging business
Before starting the preparatory work, you should consider the very specifics of the future enterprise. There are two options for its operation:
- Economical - in this case, a conventional semi-automatic device for packing products is purchased, which can work with only one type of product (for example, bulk products)
- Full-scale - involves the creation of a packaging workshop, in which you can both process products (for example, dry them, fry them, wash them, etc.), and place them in a certain container, and the equipment will work with different types of goods
The first option will require minimal costs, the second will be more expensive. However, both of them can be implemented only after the creation of the enterprise (IP is the best option) and passing all the formalities. At the first stage, the entrepreneur will need to get a “go-ahead” to work in the tax authority, as well as find suppliers of products that will be subsequently packaged. The selected types of product packaging will also depend on their list, so the sooner a businessman can decide on the list of products and agree with its suppliers, the sooner he will be able to choose the appropriate work technologies and start choosing equipment. Best Options for work - various bulk products (cereals, groceries), as well as a variety of dry snacks, nuts, seeds, etc. However, a successful business can be built with any type of product if you know how to work with it and what equipment will work best for it.
When it is purchased, it will be necessary to obtain a number of permits, the presence of which will allow you to earn money on the package without paying fines for illegal work. The main documents are:
- hygiene certificate for the product itself (it can be provided by the manufacturer)
- certificate of the local Center for Standardization and Metrology - this authority will check whether the selected equipment complies with OSTs and GOSTs
- official certificate for the packaging itself - it confirms that the selected types of product packaging are suitable for packaging food products (this document must be provided by the supplier of packaging materials)
- a license for the sale of these products in packaging - it is issued by the local district administration after the conclusion of the SES (it will also need to be obtained)
The collected package of documents is a guarantee that the business will be completely legal and meet all the requirements.
What are the initial costs and how much can you earn on packaging?
Even if the entrepreneur has chosen an economical option of work, he will still have certain expenses, and the main one among them is the cost of the premises. It must have an area of at least 100 sq. m: 15-20 sq. m - for the production workshop, 40-60 sq. m - for a warehouse of raw materials and finished products, the rest - under the sanitary zone and workplaces of employees. Renting such a room can cost from 50 thousand rubles a month.
In addition, the product packaging business will require the following expenses:
- 120 thousand rubles - for a new semi-automatic machine for packaging products (this a budget option, and more expensive models may cost more)
- about 150 thousand - for the purchase of containers for product packaging (for example, a batch of packaging film with a logo and product data printed on it can cost so much - it will be unprofitable for manufacturers to sell cheaper options)
- 300-400 thousand - for the purchase of products for packaging (it is advisable to immediately purchase larger lots, which will be much more profitable, but before making a purchase, you should make sure that the products will really be in demand)
- from 30-35 thousand rubles - wage one employee (at least two packers should work at the enterprise so that they can replace each other, but the best option is 5-6 employees)
- 2-3 thousand - monthly electricity costs
As for profit, at first it will be possible to earn 100-200 thousand rubles a month, but after six months of work, incomes can reach 500-600 thousand or more. It all depends on what products are offered and what types of product packaging are chosen by the entrepreneur. With the successful organization of work, it will be possible to recoup the costs already in the first six months of work, after which it is possible to build up potential and increase the quantity of goods, expanding both the range and target audience enterprises.
When choosing a type of activity, every novice businessman is looking for a way to get a guaranteed profit with little investment. Therefore, the products produced must be in demand. One of the types of such products are packaging materials: plastic and paper bags. Packaging is an integral part of almost any product. The production of packaging materials allows you to earn income regardless of the season.
Where to start production?
The initial stage of the organization of any production requires the development of the necessary documentation. You will need to register the type of activity, issue a package of permits and endorse them in the relevant authorities. On average, the cost of registration will be 300-400 dollars. This process can take from one to two months.
Every three months, the enterprise is obliged to provide its products for examination for compliance with state standards. An expert opinion costs approximately $25 to $35.
At the initial stage of development of polyethylene production, it is necessary to take care of waste disposal. If you have free funds, you can purchase processing equipment and equip the workshop with it. A cheaper way is to conclude an agreement with organizations involved in the processing of household solid waste.
For the successful implementation of a business project, it is necessary to establish a sales network from the very beginning. As a rule, wholesalers become the main buyers.
The main composition of the equipment
The key to the high quality of polyethylene is high-quality equipment for the production of film. These devices are represented by a wide range, which, together with innovative technologies even allows the raw material to be recycled and used as raw materials for the manufacture of polyethylene packaging.
The production of packaging materials requires the following types of equipment:
- extruder. Used for recycling special blanks, polyethylene granules-balls and production of a finished film from polyethylene.
- Cutting and soldering machine. It is used to cut the film in accordance with the desired dimensions. After that, using the machine, the blanks of the packages are sealed on one side. With the help of this device, bags without handles or garbage bags are made.
- Punching press. Produces plastic bags with handles. He "cuts" holes, forming them.
- Flexographic machine. It is necessary for the manufacture of plastic bags with a pattern or with the logo of a particular company. In addition, a distinctive brand name of the manufacturer can be painted on the package, which is an excellent advertisement.
- Devices for crushing and subsequent granulation of waste are recommended, but not mandatory, additional equipment. Required for the processing of generated waste. In the main production, in the manufacture of garbage bags and packaging materials not related to the food industry, the use of recycled materials is allowed.
Equipment for the production of polyethylene film costs between 100 and 180 thousand dollars, depending on the manufacturer and completeness.
Polyethylene manufacturing technology
Polymer granules from the receiving hopper are fed into a special loading funnel. After that, they fall under the screw and, due to their own friction against the walls of the cylinder, are heated due to forced rotation.
As a result of this process, the granules are compacted and melted. Then, from the extruder, the raw material is fed under pressure to the forming device. The molded product is inflated to the desired size and then cooled. The production of the film is completed by passing through the stabilizing unit and pulling it folded along the guide rollers to the winding device.
Raw materials for the production of plastic bags
For the manufacture of polyethylene packaging, including bags, granular polyethylene of high or low pressure is used. The film made from type 1 polyethylene has high strength and is difficult to break.
In addition, it successfully tolerates sub-zero temperatures. When using low pressure polyethylene, the bags produced are denser and tougher, but less transparent, resistant to high temperatures, chemicals and frost.
The cheapest polyethylene raw materials are Korean or Russian production. The cost of one ton of granulated imported polyethylene ranges from 400 to 650 dollars, and domestic - within 350 dollars. Recyclable materials can be used to make non-food packaging.
Dyes are used to make polyethylene bags. Their cost is from 5 to 20 dollars per kilogram, depending on the color scheme.
Requirements for premises and staff
It is recommended to place a workshop for the production of polyethylene film away from the residential area, since the manufacturing process is accompanied by harmful emissions into the atmosphere. The area of industrial premises should be at least 100-150 sq.m. at a height of at least 10 meters. All workshops must have a forced exhaust ventilation system.
Warehouses should have increased hydro and vapor barrier, since high humidity can reduce the quality of raw materials and final products.
Additional water supply, other than that provided for by sanitary standards, is not required. However, when the workshops are equipped with some devices for the processing of generated waste, water consumption will increase. The voltage required for operation in the mains is 380V/50Hz, 220V.
It is not necessary to use highly qualified employees as working personnel. Film production, thanks to the unpretentious technology and ease of maintenance of machines, allows you to quickly train beginners without the appropriate skills.
Film types
Today, polyethylene film is produced in a wide variety of widths and thicknesses. For a long time, these products were used only as a convenient packaging material. At present, polyethylene packaging has a very significant and useful function - applying necessary information about the manufacturer or seller of the packaged goods or any services.
According to its purpose, polyethylene film is divided into the following types:
- food;
- stretch;
- heat-resistant;
- black;
- reinforced and others.
For packaging, in addition to the usual polyethylene film, heat-shrinkable polymer and air-bubble films are widely used.
Production of thermoshrinkable polymer films
Shrink films are called films, which, when heated, shrink and tightly fit the products packed in them.
The technology for the production of shrink film consists in the deformation of the heated polymer and its rapid cooling to room temperature, bypassing the formation of the elastic component of the deformation. The polymer becomes harder and the stretched macromolecules cannot return to their natural equilibrium state. The secondary heating of the film softens the polymer, the molecules try to return to the globular state, and the film shrinks.
Shrink film production is excellent for food packaging. The product, packed in such material, is placed in a heating cabinet, heated to a certain temperature. The film tightly fits it, repeating the shape.
Air bubble film production
The production of air bubble film consists in the formation of bubbles from heated polyethylene filled with dry air. This film, in addition to the usual properties, has the ability to withstand atmospheric influences, vibrations, shocks and shocks.
Bubble film, the production of which is the creation of a layer of polyethylene bubbles, coated on one or both sides with a polyethylene film, is a packaging material of increased strength. All bubbles have clear limits, and therefore, when one of them is deformed, the others retain air inside themselves, thereby maintaining their protective properties.
An alternative to the "polyethylene business" is the production of paper packaging
No less popular, in comparison with the production of packaging materials from polyethylene, is the production of paper packaging. Such products are divided by type into bag, wrapping and packaging. They are made of thick, moisture-resistant, grease-resistant paper, as well as kraft paper or parchment, and depending on the packaging application, they can be recycled.
The production of paper packaging materials consists of six stages:
- Billet production.
- Drawing drawings and logos.
- Gluing and sewing the bottom.
- Production of a semi-finished valve for a closed bag.
- Packet bottom fastening.
- Packing packages in piles.
Paper packaging production lines vary in equipment capacity and cost.
The set of basic necessary devices for the production of environmentally friendly paper packaging includes:
- machine for gluing paper in multilayer blanks;
- device for forming and gluing the bottom of paper bags;
- machines for stitching and gluing semi-finished products.
The capacity of such a production line is about two hundred and fifty bags per hour, the price of a set of such equipment is about 23,000 thousand dollars. Additional units can be purchased as needed.
Payback periods
The simplest line for the production of polyethylene bags is capable of producing about 3000 pieces per hour. With an eight-hour working day, approximately 20,000 bags can be produced per day. The wholesale price of one product is five times higher than its cost price. Profit in dollar terms is approximately 140-180 dollars per day. As a result, the production of packaging materials can pay back the cost of equipment in about 1 year.
The cost of the expanded and supplemented line for the production of paper packaging ranges from 87 to 145 thousand dollars. When organizing a small workshop with a production rate of about 250 bags per hour, cash costs of about 136 thousand dollars will be required.
This includes the cost of purchasing equipment and blanks, repairing the premises, and so on. The area of the workshop for production must be at least 100 sq.m. On average, the profitability of paper packaging production is 30%, the payback period is about a year and a half.
In many industries, plastic containers are used - this is the most inexpensive and convenient way to package food, medicine, hygiene products, toys. Which means entrepreneurial activity in this direction can become highly profitable. To start a business, you have to find a suitable premises, buy equipment for the production of plastic containers, and study the technology. The Russian market is not crowded with offers, so newcomers have every chance to take a strong position in this segment. A small enterprise, if you establish distribution channels, will very soon begin to bring consistently high profits.
To minimize any financial markets, analyze the sales market in a particular region. Are there many competitors? Will you find wholesale buyers? Where will you buy raw materials? detailed business plan production of plastic containers and packaging, you can calculate the costs and plan further activities.
Our business valuation:
Starting investment - 3,000,000 rubles.
Market saturation is average.
The complexity of starting a business is 6/10.
Registration of a container manufacturing business
Start by registering your business. In this case, it will be more convenient to register an activity in the form of an LLC - this will make it possible to establish cooperation with wholesale buyers and suppliers of raw materials.
The selection of OKVED, the choice of the form of taxation, the drafting of the charter of the future company - the procedure for registering an LLC is quite complicated. And in order to save yourself from running around the authorities, it is better to entrust the case to lawyers.
Decide on the product range
Production and sale of plastic containers as a business - favorable direction. But in order to minimize financial risks and not open the 10th plant in the region, analyze a specific sales market. Plastic containers are different. Start the production of one in which nearby industrial enterprises are interested - this will reduce transportation costs for the delivery of finished products, and you will be sure that the entire volume of manufactured containers will go to buyers.
Interested in purchasing plastic containers:
- pharmaceutical companies,
- food factories,
- enterprises for the production of hygienic products.
Learn manufacturing techniques different types plastic containers - then you will be able to supply diverse products to the market. You will definitely find wholesale buyers!
Production technology and necessary equipment
The production of plastic containers and packaging can be carried out using different technologies - it all depends on what characteristics the finished product should have, and on the raw materials used. You will need the help of an experienced technologist to draw up specific recipes. You can work according to GOST or TU.
Polyethylene terphthalate, high and low pressure polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene are used as raw materials at plastic packaging manufacturing plants. Look for suppliers of raw materials that are geographically closer to the plant being opened. It is beneficial to use recycled materials.
Enterprises often introduce several technologies for the manufacture of plastic containers:
- Extrusion. This is how hollow containers are made - vials, bottles.
- Vacuum forming. This is how cups, bottles, blisters of various shapes, correxes for confectionery products are made.
- Casting. This is how bottles are made.
The production of containers and packaging for food products will differ from the technology for manufacturing blisters and jars for medicines. But in general, the technological chain can be described as follows:
- Production of blanks on special equipment. To optimize the process, it can be more profitable to buy ready-made blanks.
- Molten plastic or workpiece through special equipment takes the desired shape.
- The finished product is cooled.
Choose the equipment based on which technology is selected. Explore the market for suppliers of automatic lines to equip the workshop - there are quite a few offers. The production line consists of the following machines and devices:
The price of equipment for the production of plastic packaging will depend on the capacity of the line, its configuration, and the country of origin. It is better to choose a line that will allow you to produce several types of products. To equip a low-power workshop, at least 1,500,000 rubles will be required.
Production room
Investments will be made in the repair of the premises. Here, all the standards that are put forward by the supervisory authorities - SES and the fire inspection must be observed.
As for the workshop area, look for a building of at least 100 m 2. The room must be divided into zones - the acceptance of raw materials, production itself, warehouses for storing raw materials and finished products. Also required office rooms and staff rooms. Look for an empty building on the outskirts of the city - rent is cheaper here. In addition, the production of polymer processing is considered harmful - the workshop, according to the regulations, should be located away from the residential area.
Sewerage, heating, water supply, electricity - all the "benefits of civilization" should be in the workshop. You will spend at least 300,000 rubles on the reconstruction of the premises.
Profitability of packaging production
The production of food plastic containers and packaging will require impressive cash investments. If you calculate all the costs of launching an enterprise, you get at least 3,000,000 rubles - the purchase and commissioning of equipment, the preparation of the workshop, the provision of raw materials, business registration, rent for the first month of operation. And the costs can be even higher if you provide your own fleet for the delivery of finished products. But at first, novice entrepreneurs can use hired transport or offer customers only the service of self-pickup of finished products.
As practice shows, an enterprise producing plastic containers will be able to recoup all costs no earlier than after 2 years of operation. And the main problem that awaits the "young" factories is the lack of wholesale customers. Already at the stage of developing a business plan, try to establish contacts with potential customers manufactured products.
You will have to invest in advertising in order to promote your product in the consumer market. Calling industrial enterprises, advertising on TV and radio, articles in thematic magazines, participation in exhibitions - use different marketing tools!
Packaging production is a great idea for developing your own business, which over the course of several years will pay off all costs and begin to bring a stable long-awaited income. Here you can include in the production process not only, for example, plastic bags, but also paper bags, polypropylene bags, garbage bags. Plastic packaging deserves special attention, which is perhaps the most promising direction today. Packing film, which is very often used for packaging semi-finished products, as well as blister packaging, is no less popular.
Business packaging is a great option that allows you to start your own business with minimal investment. If you don't have a lot starting capital, then this idea is a great solution.
So, what does it take to create this type of business and make it as profitable and successful as possible? To get started, you will need to create a competent and detailed business plan. It is from a well-designed plan and correctly made calculations, market analysis for the most part that the success of the upcoming business depends. The plan should include the following points:
- a detailed analysis of the market where your packaging film, polypropylene bags, garbage bags and other manufactured products will be sold. The packaging film is ideal for semi-finished products manufacturers, as well as for shops and supermarkets where goods and food are wrapped with this film. Polypropylene bags can be sold in the industrial and construction sectors. They pack construction waste, cement, as well as bulk goods in the form of sugar, flour, and so on. As for cement and the same bulk goods, paper bags are also ideal for them;
- then you will need to register your company;
- the business plan should also include the search for and costs of a production facility, where, for example, blister packaging or plastic packaging will be produced;
- recruitment of staff and advertising for your packaging production.
The idea to create and establish a process for the production of packaging film, plastic packaging, garbage and paper bags is a great packaging business. With a properly organized workflow, it will begin to bear fruit in the very near future.
So, in order to clearly understand what to do and where to start, it is worth considering in more detail all the features of the business plan, which are based on polypropylene bags, garbage bags, plastic and other types of packaging.
If we talk about the disadvantages of the idea of building your business on packaging, then they mainly lie in the fact that the return on investment will begin only after a few years. But this is not a regularity, for example, by making garbage bags, you can start earning income within a year if you properly organize the workflow and competent advertising.
What documents are required
If the basis of your production will be polypropylene bags, garbage bags, plastic and blister packaging, then you will need a fairly large production room, which, of course, needs to be registered and obtained permits for activities.
So, you will need:
- make yourself look like individual entrepreneur or, as a legal entity;
- as paper bags, plastic packaging, film and other varieties of your products are highly flammable, you will need to obtain a permit from the fire department after they are satisfied that your production facility is fireproof;
- you will also need to obtain a certificate from the relevant authorities that your premises comply with all building codes. In your case, gasification, electrification, water supply and sewerage are mandatory.
Room selection
So, you are interested in the idea of \u200b\u200bthe business of packaging products and manufacturing various kinds packaging such as PP bags, blister packs, garbage bags, plastic packaging and so on? Then you will need to select the appropriate production facility. Naturally, it is not necessary to immediately start manufacturing many types of packaging, for example, you can start manufacturing polypropylene bags, plastic packaging for goods, garbage bags and films. All of these varieties will require approximately the same size room.
It is likely that the city authorities will not allow you to locate your production facility within the city, since garbage bags and other plastic packaging bags are made from hazardous raw materials, so it is better to look for a place outside the city. At the same time, paper bags are an ecological product, and you will be allowed to make them anywhere in the city. At the same time, paper bag making equipment is more compact, so you can place your production process in the basement of your house or even in your garage. Such bags are widely used for packing cement or bulk goods, so you can sell them in the nearest construction or grocery store. In addition, the process of making these bags is very simple.
Equipment and raw materials for production
In order for garbage bags, plastic packaging or film to be of high quality, respectively, to be in demand, high-quality raw materials and specialized equipment are needed for an established production process. For example, blister packs can be produced using several technologies, so the choice of equipment must be made taking into account production line. The most commonly used method is casting or blowing, somewhat less often the method of extrusion or vacuum molding. In any case, the standard kit for the production of this material should consist of:
- injection molding machine, worth 30-40 thousand dollars;
- a compressor of good power, costing about 2 thousand dollars;
- industrial refrigerator.
Such a set in total will cost no less than 40 thousand dollars. However, for the production of plastic packaging, you may also need a receiver for pneumatic machines (its cost is about $ 500), equipment for cutting material of the required shape ($ 1-5 thousand) and transport line valued at over $1,000. For the production of plastic packaging, you can purchase foreign equipment, or you can also domestic. But, it is worth saying that the latter loses significantly in terms of reliability and quality.
If your business plan puts garbage bags at the top of your production line, then you need to think about the appropriate equipment and raw materials. Such bags must have good strength to withstand the heavy weight of loose construction and household waste.
The process of making bags is quite simple, since it is carried out by a special machine. For production, high or low pressure polyethylene is required. High density polyethylene is used to produce bags designed to withstand very heavy loads. And low pressure - to create dense packages designed for contact with bulk and dry products.
For the production of garbage bags, at least the following equipment will be needed:
- extruder. A simple option will cost between 10-15 thousand dollars, a universal option - within 30-35 thousand dollars;
- bag making machine. A simple machine for the production of garbage bags costs about 15-20 thousand dollars, a universal machine, namely, a machine that, in addition to garbage bags, will also produce other types of bags, costs at least 40 thousand dollars.
Recruitment
Your business plan must also include such an item as the staff, which, regardless of the profitability of the enterprise, will need to pay a salary.
It is necessary to recruit the number of employees depending on how large-scale the enterprise you are planning. That is, if it small production paper, garbage and plastic bags, then 3-4 people will be enough to start, especially since almost all the work will be done by special equipment.
Advertising
Of course, advertising costs must also be included in the business plan, because your production should be known as early as possible. This may be an advertisement in a newspaper, an advertisement on the Internet, on television. It is worth noting that the brighter and richer your promotion is, the faster the public will know about you.
Profitability of the enterprise
The profitability of your business will depend on the type of packaging, the production process and the quality of the equipment. For example, the organization of blister and plastic packaging will require about 200 thousand dollars of investment, the payback period of which is from two to four years.
Production of cardboard packaging: economic feasibility of business + general information about products + marketing research + organizational issues + development stages + recommendations on raw materials + requirements for premises, personnel + technical equipment of the enterprise + sales features + profitability.
AT modern world packaging products are indispensable items that are of no small importance in the connection between manufacturers and consumers. They can take various structural forms, be made of different materials: paper, metal, plastic, glass, wood, etc.
However, cardboard packaging is the most popular. The demand for this type of product is only growing. Despite the saturation of the market, there is no significant imbalance between supply and demand.
So why not become a successful entrepreneur by investing in carton packaging?
Economic feasibility of the production of cardboard packaging
The manufacture of packaging is a business area that, if properly managed, will bring a decent profit to the entrepreneur. This is due to the really high demand for production results, i.e. finished products.
Take a look at one of the major industrial sectors of each state, namely the packaging industry. You will see that over the past 10 years, packaging has become a priority product in the national economy.
Packaging consumption is high, especially in industrialized countries such as Russia. 78% of freight traffic occurs with the help of cardboard containers. This means that the need for pallet containers is growing by at least 10% every year.
Interestingly, the Russian Federation is characterized by a significant predominance (12 times) of imports over exports. Those. hundreds of millions of dollars, which would be quite enough for the establishment and development of domestic industrial production packages are used to purchase imported packaging products of various types.
An entrepreneur can have no doubts about a good turnover of packaging, since it remains and will be in demand due to such factors:
- increase in the range of products;
- retail trade infrastructure development;
- increasing the value of packaging as a means of protecting goods throughout logistics process, how marketing tool etc.
In the production of cardboard packaging need:
- transport;
- trade, pharmaceutical, food industries;
- chemical industry, etc.
It should be noted that the creation of such products has a short cycle. It is supplied to consumers along with food products, essential goods. As a result, the packaging business has a high turnover ratio and an excellent opportunity for cash accumulation.
According to statistics, the costs spent on the production of cardboard packaging pay off within a year. However, this period of time may be different, since it depends on the breadth of activities and other factors. Profitability reaches 20%.
If you have appreciated all the advantages of packaging production, proceed to which you will be guided in the future.
1. General packing information.
Packaging provides many possibilities:
- bearer of symbols trademark and corporate identity;
- for the consumer, this is the product identifier of a particular production;
- reflection of brand ideology;
- providing novelty;
- a way to express your individuality, draw attention to the product, create consumer preferences;
- a tool that disseminates information about the product, its unique properties;
- a means of communication with customers on an emotional and informational level.
Mostly boxes and boxes are made from cardboard. These types of cardboard packaging are deservedly in unprecedented demand, which is explained by a lot of advantages.
Among which:
- wide and reusable application;
- low cost;
- automatic execution of technological operations, i.e. assembly, capping, etc.;
- a light weight;
- long service life;
- saving space during storage and transportation;
- the ability to use any type of finish / print;
- variety of design styles, sizes, designs.
Cardboard and corrugated cardboard boxes are most often used to pack pharmaceutical, food, chemical products, cabinet furniture, household appliances and etc.
2. Marketing research of the carton packaging market.
The results of market research are of great importance for determining the stages of production, the parameters of the necessary equipment.
In addition, the information received helps to make the right choice regarding production technology, correctly compose technical task for packaging design.
On the Russian market the largest is the segment of cardboard packaging. Consumption of packaging products exceeds 25 kg per person. This is about 50% of the world average, despite the fact that domestic producers do not fully satisfy the needs of buyers (by 60-70%).
Cardboard packaging is more environmentally friendly and economical than other types of similar material. Therefore, it is used by most enterprises.
The production of cardboard packaging has been expanding recently also due to its use for the storage of liquid products, food and gift items. It has already bypassed polymer and glass containers in the following sectors: water, dairy products, juices. However, over the past 5 years, it has been inferior to blown bottles. The market develops and begins to develop new niches.
Even crisis periods in the Russian economy do not affect the production of cardboard packaging. There has been a positive trend since 2012. The output of packaging products is crowned by no less than 8.1%.
At the same time, one cannot remain silent about the problems hindering the development of the packaging industry:
In addition, the number of cargo transportation decreases, the level of income of the population and the cost of raw materials increases. Therefore, there are also negative marks in the turnover of retail trade.
In the first 3 months In 2016, the production of corrugated cardboard packaging prevailed, the volume exceeded 1 billion square meters. m. This is 85.2% of the total amount of packaging products produced.
The demand for corrugated packaging is due to its cheapness. According to the types of packaging products in the structure of production, cardboard boxes account for the most (about 48%), the second position is occupied by boxes (10%), and the third place is taken by packs (6.7%).
Market saturation is average. A number of enterprises are engaged in the production of cardboard packaging:
- GOTECH;
- Viko;
- TimPak;
- PCBK Group of enterprises;
- Apollo Group;
- Union;
- Nizhkarton;
- Remos-Alpha;
- Mostar;
- Antek;
- Gofroline;
- PM Packaging;
- Kaluga tare and packaging factory;
- Corrugated;
- yellow box, etc.
In terms of packaging production, the Central Federal District leads (47% of the total volume or 566 million square meters), followed by the Volga Federal District (its share is 17.3%). The top three is closed by the Northwestern Federal District (14.6%).
In the development of the timber industry, there is also a positive moderate trend. According to the Ministry of Economic Development, in 2018, investments in the production of wood products will reach 111.5% compared to 2014, and in pulp - no more than 93.6%.
Organizational moments in the opening of a factory for the production of cardboard packaging
It is recommended to register an enterprise as an LLC or OJSC, and choose a general taxation system. The production of cardboard packaging must be carried out in accordance with the standards of GOST 7376-89, 7691-81 and 7420-89.
From OKVED suitable:
An entrepreneur needs to take care of drawing up a business plan, studying competitors, analyzing the consumer market, thinking through marketing and sales policies.
The main issue is the choice of concept. When planning activities, the business owner needs to indicate in which direction he is going to work, whether he will buy the raw material base for the production of packaging from suppliers or plans to manufacture it on his own.
What direction to choose? You will receive the answer in the process of marketing research. Custom-made cardboard packaging is in demand. However, large-scale orders will not be received.
Therefore, it is advisable to position such production as additional service and competitive advantage. Gift wrapping is seasonal. Therefore, the launch of the production of these products must be carried out before the holidays.
Many companies make cardboard packaging for flower nurseries. Cardboard boxes and packaging products for sweets are considered to be constantly in demand.
However, the production of candy packaging carries high costs. Since the container is in contact with the food product, high quality requirements will be put forward for it. And the finished product is more expensive.
Also examples of manufactured cardboard packaging are:
- boxes,
- packs,
- substrates,
- divider boxes,
- archive folders,
- octabins,
- storage trays, etc.
Production of cardboard packaging: detailed points
At the first stage of production, the raw material is chosen (brand and other characteristics of the cardboard), it is determined what shape to make the packaging, what sizes. The color design is decided, designs, text, image are developed, which will be on the packaging.
The dimensions of the cardboard packaging products are selected in such a way that good stability is ensured. If it falls during transportation or storage, it will create an unfavorable impression.
To find out what design to give to a cardboard package, you need to answer a few questions for yourself.
For example:
The dimensions of the modular cartons must match the dimensions of the store racks and pallets. And they have the following indicators: 100x120 cm and 80x120 cm. Large cardboard boxes are available in configurations: 790*390x430, 910*600*470, etc.
For bulk goods, confectionery, perfumes, souvenirs, medicines, books, shoes, etc. the following sizes apply:
Under such a production process as design, they understand the drawing up of a drawing of a development of a cardboard package, the development of a graphic solution, and layout design. These operations ultimately lead to the creation of a prototype product.
In order to facilitate design, reduce labor intensity and avoid errors, CAD is included in this production process, i.e. design automation systems. They are specialized and universal.
The first consist of complex software systems:
The production of cardboard boxes is a multi-stage process. After the design, previously agreed with the client, and the template for the future packaging have been developed, they begin to cut the cardboard on a special cutting machine.
Then the carton must be labelled. At this stage of production, the products indicate the fragility of the goods to be packed, the direction of use and the degree of moisture resistance.
Symbols should be applied to the cardboard packaging:
- Identification marks of interest to the customer, consumer. The procedure for their application is regulated by law.
- Handling signs reflecting the rules of operation, safety, loading and unloading, transportation of packaging.
- Material of manufacture, including its non-toxicity.
- Ecological signs indicating the harmlessness of a cardboard product for humans and nature.
In the production of packaging, the preferences of the customer must be taken into account. The entrepreneur and the client must discuss in advance what the parameters of the cardboard product will be.
Namely:
- dimensions;
- the number of holes to provide ventilation;
- availability of transportation devices;
- approximate weight of items to be packed, etc.
The next stage in the production of packaging is its gluing, which is carried out using folding machines. Next, cardboard products are dried, wrapped in propylene and stored.
Finished products are tested for compliance with the criteria of strength, impact resistance, moisture resistance, rigidity.
The production of unique packages is usually small-scale, as it is more expensive. In such cases, there is often a request for lacquering of cardboard containers, which improves not only its appearance, creating the effect of a smooth surface, but also specifications. For more reliable protection, the packaging is also hot stamped.
But, if cardboard containers are produced in a narrow range and on a large scale, then the production will be in-line.
1. What raw materials to take for the production of packaging?
To determine the production of packaging from which material to engage in, you need to know the characteristics of the packaged goods, the terms and conditions of their storage.
If an entrepreneur is going to manufacture cardboard packaging for food products, he must produce it with physiological harmlessness.
Cardboard has a multi-layer structure, which gives it rigidity and thickness. As a raw material, wood semi-finished products, cellulose. The production of cardboard packaging based on waste paper will be less expensive. But this raw material is not tough enough.
Kraft (high-strength cellulose) has the best properties regarding rigidity, wear resistance, moisture resistance. Cardboard can be used from the first fibers, but such material, along with good quality, is also expensive.
Its operation in the production of packaging products is justified only with expensive orders. Kraft pulp is also made from virgin fibers, but it is cheaper and has a brownish tint.
When an entrepreneur plans to produce cardboard packaging based on waste paper due to economy, it is necessary to give the raw material additional rigidity.
Usually recycled cardboard is taken for mass production, when special requirements are imposed on the price of finished products. For example, for medicines, perfumes, tea, cheap tobacco products, household chemicals, children's games, etc.
Coated or coated boards are involved in the production of colorful packaging. When purchasing raw materials, it is necessary to rely on a price target not per ton, but per 1 sq. m. m of material with the required rigidity and barrier characteristics.
Basically, entrepreneurs use sheets of cardboard T-23, T-24, from which boxes, boxes and other packaging products are then stamped.
2. Where to buy raw materials for the manufacture of cardboard packaging?
Since the production of cardboard and corrugated cardboard is a very labor-intensive and costly task, it is better to purchase a raw material base from suppliers.
Contracts for the supply of raw materials that will be used in the production of cardboard packaging should be concluded with trusted suppliers. you can also through the Internet, paying attention to the duration of the company, prices, reviews about it. Negotiate to reduce the wholesale cost of purchases.
They apply for raw materials to such enterprises:
- Carton Service;
- PTK BIK;
- moving factory;
- Container of goods;
- ITC-Trade;
- VELAR and others.
It makes sense to establish cooperation with pulp and paper mills, of which there are at least 26 units in Russia. It is assumed that the purchase of cardboard from them will be much cheaper.
3. Selection of premises for the workshop for the production of cardboard packaging.
To organize the production of cardboard packaging, a sufficiently spacious room is required to accommodate the equipment. The site must be at least 300 sq. m.
A mandatory requirement is the presence of:
- ventilation,
- plumbing and electricity,
- heating,
- fire safety systems.
The design of the premises occupied by the production of packaging should be carried out in accordance with the following standards:
- SNIP 2.04.05-91;
- SNIP 21-01-97.
It is necessary to monitor the temperature so that it does not fall below and does not rise above 18 ° C. There are also requirements for humidity - no more than 70-80%.
Warehouses for raw materials and finished packaging should be at least 100 square meters. m. They should be protected from sources of moisture, groundwater ingress. The temperature in the warehouses should be within 5°C.
4. Personnel composition of the production of cardboard packaging materials.
If an automated line is engaged in the production of cardboard containers, a minimum number of workers will be required, at least 2 people. Moreover, there is no need to impose high requirements on their qualifications.
They will assemble the package. Wages can be paid according to the piecework system. An employee is also needed to test cardboard boxes. In addition, the production of packaging products needs an accountant, sales manager, locksmith.
If you will be delivering, you need to hire a driver and a courier. Working shift set in accordance with Labor Code RF. The minimum duration of one is 8 hours.
5. Equipment for the production of cardboard packaging.
90% of the machines involved in the production of cardboard packaging are imported. Equipment for the production of cardboard packaging is usually bought by American, Italian, French, Swedish.
The cost of one normal machine that prints cardboard packaging starts from 1 million rubles. With limited capital, it is acceptable to purchase used equipment.
Automatic lines are configured using the touch screen.
Their package includes:
Although these lines are more expensive, they allow production on a large scale, while reducing the burden on labor resources. The operator does not need to perform any calculations, it is enough to drive in the required dimensions of the future packaging.
Moreover, the equipment is easy to reconfigure for the production of packaging of other shapes/sizes, and the cardboard is fed automatically. During the cycle, the equipment produces 3, 5, 7-layer blanks.
Machines are produced by the following companies:
- Emmeci Group (Italy);
- Young Shin Machinery (South Korea);
- Panotec (Italy);
- TRANSPACK (China).
This machine (Emmeci MS 92) is capable of producing 1,000 cardboard packages with dimensions of 20x30 cm within an hour. Having chosen the desired dimensions and program (there are about 50 of them), it remains to wait until the production line itself cuts the blank, makes the necessary overlaps, cuts.
6. Marketing policy in the production of packaging: the search for customers.
To find customers, you need to run advertising, preferably in print, radio and television. If finances allow, spend advertising campaign in the Internet.
This will attract more customers. You can create your own business card site, in which you can display a photo gallery of cardboard products, a price list, and contact information.
Look for clients among:
- confectionery factories,
- pharmaceutical companies,
- trading companies,
- food manufacturers,
- freight services,
- shoe factories, etc.
Offer for a fee to apply the logo of the customer company on the packaging during production or additionally produce labels. And with bulk purchases, you can provide free shipping, deferred payment and other bonuses.
Production of cardboard boxes as a business idea.
How to make money on cardboard? Equipment for
production of cardboard packaging.
7. Profitability of production of cardboard packaging.
Three factors influence the profitability of the enterprise:
- cost of carton packaging
- production run,
- selected raw material and its price.
Equally important are the cost-effectiveness of equipment and the competent organization of the workflow.
Some businessmen decide to relocate from the capital of Russia to the Moscow region in order to save on renting premises and at the same time reduce the cost of packaging.
If you correctly perform cost optimization, the production of cardboard containers will achieve profitability in the range of 20-30%.
The expenses will go to:
- rent - from 200 thousand rubles;
- purchase of raw materials - from 100 thousand rubles;
- equipment - 1 million rubles;
- salary - 200 thousand rubles;
- advertising - from 35 thousand rubles;
- transport costs - 50 thousand rubles;
- utilities - about 40 thousand rubles.
The total cost of organizing a business will result in 1.6-2 million rubles. They will pay off in 1.5-2 years. One sheet of cardboard can produce 10 standard boxes. One should be sold at an average price of 18-20 rubles.
Learn, your prices should be somewhat more attractive than those of competitors, besides, the cost of cardboard boxes, depending on their size, type of cardboard, design, is different.
If we take the average price of 1 sheet of cardboard, it will be about 50 rubles. This means that in the purchase of 2 thousand sheets of raw material, it is necessary to invest approximately 100 thousand rubles. From this amount of cardboard, you will produce at least 20,000 packaging units. If you sell each for 20 rubles, the revenue will be at least 400 thousand rubles.
If you subtract all current expenses, including taxes, the net profit under the mentioned conditions will be 80-100 thousand rubles. Knowing the productivity of the equipment and the number of workers, shifts, you can calculate the profit more accurately.
In practice, the income from the packaging industry is more significant, because. the indicated numerical values are averaged. In addition, exclusive branded packaging is not taken into account, from the manufacture of which the entrepreneur will receive more.
A small enterprise producing cardboard packaging may well count on such a result.
As you can see, this business line is a profitable business for start-up entrepreneurs.
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